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Monday, March 31, 2014

MidTerm Presentation Study Guides

 Midterm Study guide materials




Link for Mortgage Housing Crisis









 If images of diagrams can not be seen let me know your email I will send you an email with copies of pdf files.





Safety Net




Retirement Benefits Information

Group Retirement Benefits: Mushfiq, Guillermo, Lucila
 


401K: 401K is one option of seeking for retirement benefits. This is only for private companies who are willing to contribute a certain percentage of what you want to share. Mostly companies contribute 3% of your salary. You have to withdraw your money at your retirement age because withdrawing it early, you will pay for a penalty of as much as 35% and federal will tax you 10% more.

Pensions: A pension is a retirement account that an employer maintains to give you a fixed payout when you retire. Usually tax exempt, and the employer's makes contributions toward a pool of funds set aside for an employees benefits in the future. Pensions are only given out to private companies or for the people that work in the  government they tend to not be given out to the public. If the person dies the spouse can still keep receiving his pension. The average pension in California is $29,000. Due to the high cost of living in California, many of our senior citizens can't live their retirement how they are supposed to. The average retired senior lives month to month with his pension with the prices of medicine being high sometimes they can't afford to buy all their medication. Many of them rely on government help such as living assistance, affordable senior housing or the use of their SSI. Many opt for part time jobs to afloat.

Social Security: Social Security is a benefit that most people receive and it is one of the only benefits people actually get for sure. Social Security pays disability benefits to you and certain members of your family but you have to work long enough and most people do end up working the amount they need to. Most of the people that receive social security benefits are the retired workers and they make up 63.0% of it. An average monthly benefit for social security if you are 62 years old is $1070. A lot of people only just end up living of the social security benefits but that still isn't enough for them to survive every month.
  
  


 Minimum Wage (McDonalds' Budget)



·
Notes:
Living wage definition: a wage that is high enough to maintain a normal standard of living 
  
Minimum wage definition: the lowest wage permitted by law or by a special agreement ( such as one with a labor
union) .
Minimum wage in California: $8.001hr
Federal minimum wage: $7.251hr
Best place to live in with minimum wage is Knoxville, TN

Worst place to live in with minimum wage is New York and second California.

Highest minimum wage state is Washington $9.321hr

Lowest minimum wage state is Arkansas $2.751hr
2014 law states all the states must meet federal minimum wage of$7.251hr
Over 12 (double time)
7th day: First 8 hours (time and half)

Rent:
$836.00/month One-Bedroom x 12 months = $1O,032/year (+3.08%)
Other options:2BR: $1,001 (+5.37%)3BR: $1,387 (+20.61 %)4BR: $1,392 (+ 16.78%)
Food:
$218.50/month x 12 months = $2,622/year (+7.32%)
Low-cost Official USDA Food Plan: Average of male and female ages 19-50 Monthly cost offood on low-cost
plan: Men 19-50 years
: $234 (+7.39%) Women 19-50 years: $203 (+7.24%)
Transportation:
$168.86 + $17.45 + $2.58 + $0.12 + $0 = $ 189.01lmonth x 12 months = $2268. 12/year (+5.57%)
Population of AlamedaCounty: 101,723 (US Census Bureau 2011)
Drive Alone 56.6%, Carpool 11.7%, Public Transportation 5.9%, Bike, 1.5%, Walk 16.4%, Work at home 6.3%,
Other 1%
Drive Alone = $3,580/12 x 0.566 = $168.86/month
(second 20%) = $1,981 (gasoline/motor oil up 32.24%) + $1,599 (other expenses, including insurance, maintenance
and repairs
, vehicle finance charges, licenses, up 14.58%) = $3,580/year
Carpool = $1790/12 x 0.117 = $ 17.45/month Share the cost of driving alone - divide by 2.
Pub
lic Transportation $456/12 x 0.068 = $2.58/month
Cost of public transportation (annual bus pass on TCAT) = $450 (Zone 1) or $600 (Zone 2)
Per TCAT, 95
.9 buy Zone 1,4.1% Zone 2.
Average cost of TCA T bus pass = ($450 x 95.9%=$431.55 + $600 x 4.1 %= $24.60 = $456.15)
Bike $92.59/12 x 0.015 = $O.l2/month
Cost of a bike $50 ($250 over 5 years) + $42.59 annual maintenance = $92.23
Annual maintenance such as tuning
, changing of tires, brakes and tubes.
Cost of maintenance of existing bicycle based on Living Wage Study 2002 (obtained from Claritas Consumer
Spending Patterns data)
= $33/year, adjusted for inflation = $42.59/year




Prison Industrial Complex (reviewl
Recidivism: is measured by criminal acts that resulted in the rearrest, reconviction, or return to
prison with or without a new sentence during a three
-year period following the prisoner's release.
-Among nearly 300,000 prisoners released in 15 states in 1994,67.5% were rearrested within 3 years. A
study of prisoners released in 1983 estimated 62
.5%.
-Of the 272,111 persons released from prisons in 15 states in 1994, an estimated 67.5% were rearrested
for a felony or serious misdemeanor within 3 years, 46.9% were reconvicted, and 25.4% resentenced to
prison for a new crime
.
-These offenders had accumulated 4.1 million arrest charges before their most recent imprisonment
and another 744,000 charges within 3 years of release
What is AB 109?
AB 109 shifts the responsibility for incarcerating many low-risk inmates from the state to counties. This
shift from state to county is also being called
"prison realignment."
As part of this law, the state will continue to incarcerate offenders who commit serious, violent, or
sexual crimes
, but the counties will supervise, rehabilitate and manage low-level offenders. Up to 30,000
state prison inmates could be transferred to county jails over three years, under the bill.
Overcapacity: in 2011, the U.S. Supreme Court had discovered that the prisons were
overcrowding, that crazy and sad part about this was that the prisons were double the designed
capacity. The prisoner's safety and health was in endangered and not promised. The court told the state
to decrease the prison population by ten thousands to 110,000 or near 137.5 percent of the capacity
.
The state was in fear believing releasing some of the inmates would cause a threat to the citizens as if it
was to make room for the pr
ison but in fact it was an excessive punishment.


Taxes
Capital Gain Tax
·         Tax on any item that is sold for a profit
·         Those items can include: Stocks, Stamps, Art, Antiques, Real Estate, Coins, Precious
Metals
Short Term versus Long Term Capital Gains/Losses
·         Short term: capital asset that is held for one year or less
·                           Long term: capital asset that is held for more than one year
Capital Gain Tax Rate
Tax Bracket
Short Term Long Term
10%              10%
0%



15%
15%
25%
25%
28%
28%
33%
33%
35%
35%
39.6%
39.6%
Income Tax



15%
20%



2014 Federal



;

MDrrId FHOng Jointly &
MDrrled Fllnng
Heads of Households
Tax Rates
Slnflll!
SUrviving Spouses
Seporatl! RI!fUmS
-




Personal Exemption

53,950

Std Deduction
56,200
$12,400
$6,20()
$9,100
10%
$0-$9,075
$0 - $18,150
$0-$9,075
$0 - $12,950
15%
$9,076 - $36,900
$18,151 - $73,800
$9,076 - $36,900
$12,951 - $49,400
25%
$36,901 - $89,350
$73,801 - $148,850
$36,901 - $74,425
$49,401- $127,550
28%
$89,351- $186,350
$148,851- $226,850
$74,426 - $113,425
$127,551- $206,600
33%
$186,351- $405,100
$226,851 - $405,100
$113,426 - $202,500
$206,601- $405,100
35%
$405,101- $406,750
$405,101 - $457,600
$202,501 - $228,800
$405,101- $432,200
39.6%
over $406,750
over $457,600
over $228,000
over $432,200
) ~v • ,w.scvingtolnvest.com


Source: IRS.gov
Income Tax: tax on a person's individual wage income
Exemptions/Write-Offs: Medical/Dental Expenses, Home Mortgage, Interest, Charitable
Contributions, Business Use of Home, Business Use of Car, Business Travel Expenses
, Business
Entertainment Expenses, Educational Expenses, Employee Business Expenses, and Casualty
Disaster and Theft Losses
*Penalty for not reporting results in 5 percent charge each month of unpaid taxes. This will not
exceed 25 percent
.
Proper!v Tax

·         A tax assessed on real estate property usually based on the value of the property
(including the land) you own
.
·         This tax is mainly used by municipalities for repairing roads, building schools and snow
removal, or other similar services.
·         Tax varies from .18-1.89% depending on where you live.
Sales Tax
·         Tax imposed by the government at the point of sale on retail goods and services.
·         It is collected by the retailer and passed on to the state.
·         Tax rate is 7.5% but the max after local surtaxes is 9.75%
·         Counties and cities can charge an additional local sales tax of up to 2.25%
·         Exemptions: groceries, prescription drugs, livestock, some farm supplies, and alternative
energy equipmen
t's
·         In California, it applies to all tangible goods but not the sale of services.



Health care in the US

The Affordable Care Act
According to the npr.org," the Affordable Care
Act had ardent critics and supporters long before
last fall's launch of the Healthcare website
".
Opponents of Obamacare say the law will reduce,
not increase, the number of health plans available
to Americans and that fewer consumers will be able
to afford care than before
. They also argue that
delays in implementat
ion of portions of the law
demonstrate how the Obama administration has
been forced to undermine
its own law in order to
keep it
running. However, the supporters ofthe law
a
rgue that the new law is working. They point to
provisions like enabling young adults to get
insured
unde
r their parent's policies and denying coverage
based on a pre-exist
ing condition can no longer be
done. The law also supp
resses increases in health
care cost
. The ACA ends arbitrary withdrawals of
insurance coverage, meani
ng just because you
made an honest mistake your coverage can be
cancelled. You a
re guaranteed a right to an appeal
in the event your plan has denied payment.


1) Hipaa/Patient Rights:
HIPAA is the federal Health Insurance
Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
. The
primary goal of the law is to make it easier for
people to keep health insurance
, protect the
confidentiality and security of healthcare
information and help
the healthcare industry
control administrative cost
s
Under Hipaa you have certain rights as a
patient
in a medical facility. According to
Cal
ifornia Department of Health Care Service,
H
ipaa describes how your medical information
may be used and disclosed and how you can
get access to this info
rmation.
A patient has the right to:
- Get a copy of your health and claim records
within 30 days of you
r request
- Ask that any health and claims records be
corrected
- Request confidential communications
- Ask that what is used or shared be limited
- Get of list of those with whom information
may be shared
- Get a copy of the privacy notice
- Choose someone to act for you
- File a complaint if you feel your rights have
been violated
- Any complaints should be directed to
Department of Health and Human Services
Office or vis
it
www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy/hipaa/complaints/.
2)   Emergency vs. out-patient:
Urgent care also known as out-patient care
is significantly lower than emergency room
care. Emergency care is designed to treat
severe and life-th
reatening conditions. Most


patients will save time and money by going to
an urgent care cen
ter for non-life-threatening
condit
ions, where going into an emergency
room may cost you hundred
s of dollars and
several hours of wait time. Emergency rooms
tend to become overcrowded with non-life-
th
reatening problems due to patients that are
un
insured and may have a broken bone cold or
flu, all that can be treated as an out-patient if
the patient was insured.
Thanks to the Obama Administration, the
Affordable Care Act has
taken some of the
s
tress off of most emergency rooms. According
to the Henry
J Kaiser Family Foundation, "the
majority of the un
insured are in low-income
wo
rking families and the high cost of insurance
is the reason why people go w
ithout
coverage
". Due to a weak economy and loss of
jobs, family incomes have declined and
employer sponsored coverage has decreased
among families
. Because of these two
important fac
ts, the uninsured are driven to
the eme
rgency room for care that should be
handled in a doctor
's office or out-patient
clinic.
3) US vs. other countries insurance:




4) How is health care related to your
credit?:

If your credit score is low you will be charged a
higher premium
.

If your credit score is high you will be offered a
low and more convenient premium
.
5) Health Care for the undocumented
population:

Being undocumented in America with no
health insurance could be something really
difficult to deal with
. Especially, if you're a
parent raising a family without health
insurance, if you're a student still trying to pay
off your classes, or if you're simply just a
worker living paycheck by paycheck
. So what
does the undocumented population do when
they're feeling really sick or have a serious
health problem that needs to be checked out?
On a more serious note, what if an
undocumented person is pregnant with no
health insurance? The cost of a pregnancy
without health insurance will be around
$14,000
-$29,000 just for doctor visit and the
delivery procedure.
Undocumented people with the following
may qualify for private health insurance:
-Valid non-immigrant visas
Process to obtain a visa:
1.  Petition

2.Interview (After documents are
submitted and petition is approved)

- A temporary resident status or LIFE Act

-Dream Act (for students who meet certain

requirements)

-Humanitarian statuses or circumstances
- Temporary protected status

- Special juvenile status

- Asylum applicants
6) Profit vs. Healthcare:
·
81..5%~~';;~:;v.".;~_<

,~_i(~;';"".'''''
oo;c_~~<:"!¢1r''i>
•••••
12.!Wo~;~~;:;;;;'~,
;,.0,<'1>"",,,,.#
'~~f';-W'!'!:)_::X"'~
tt4"'~lj .lt!~.
SOURCES:

-CNBC news states that medical bills are the are the
biggest cause of bankruptcies
http://www.cnbc.com/id/100840148
-Affordable Care Act
http
://www.schoolhealthcenters.org/top-lO-things-you-
need-to
-know-about-the-affordable-care-
act/?gclid=CPm8Ir2Xp70CFe7m7AodqGUA1Q
-Michael Moore's documentary-
http://www.filmsforaction .org/watch/ sicko/
-Patients' Rights http://www.dhcs.ca.gov
http
://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-
dyn/content/graphic/2006/04/07/GR2006040700882
.html
- Undocumented people without healthcare
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/01/28/undocumen
ted-immigrant
s-health-care_n_ 4679348.html 

This is US healthcare compared to other countries.

Spain is consider the 7th best healthcare system worldwide, due to  the fact they provide healthcare to all their residents as a constitutional right. Their doctors are excellent and all nurses are certified. They have no out of pocket fees, beside prescription drugs. 

Costa Rica has the best healthcare system in the South America, they have the (SSCC) which is a government sponsored healthcare plan that offers free care to all of their residents. They also have affordable and good quality private healthcare. A visit to the doctor's office may cost $60 or less.

England  and Germany share similar thoughts and forms of healthcare as Spain and the rest of the European countries. They also find impossible to believe that the US is going to start fining their residents for not having health care. They believe healthcare should be provided by the government.

Cuba also offers free healthcare, but to everyone. yes, including nonresidents. Michael Moore proves this statement in his documentary "SICKO" (could be found on Netflix) by taking a crew of 9/11 rescue workers who needed medical care due to the damage created by the incident. Most of the had respiratory problems from the smoke and dust in the atmosphere and working in that environment.Once there, he told the doctor to treat them as they would treat their residents. The rescue workers were relieved and appreciative because the treatment was great and most importantly absolutely free. They were even able to take some medication home. 

US Healthcare includes Medical which is free healthcare only for certain low income families and Medicare is offered to the elderly, starting from 65 years of age. Now, with the affordable healthcare Act things may better.









Health Care In Us
1) Affordable care act:
According to the npr.org," the Affordable Care Act had ardent critics and supporters long
before last fall
's launch of the Healthcare website". Opponents of Obama care say the law will
reduce
, not increase, the number of health plans available to Americans and that fewer
consumers will be able to afford care than before
. They also argue that delays in implementation
of portions of the law demonstrate how
the Obama administration has been forced to
undermine its own law in order to keep it running. However, the supporters of the law argue
that the new law is working
. They point to provisions like enabling young adults to get insured
under their parent's policies and denying coverage based on a pre-existing condition can no
longer be done. The law also suppresses increases in health care cost. The ACA ends arbitrary
withdrawals of insurance coverage, mean
ing just because you made an honest mistake your
coverage can be cancelled. You are guaranteed a right to an appeal in the event your plan has
denied payment.
2)   Hipaa/Patient Rights:
HIPAA is the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. The primary
goa
l of the law is to make it easier for people to keep health insurance, protect the
confidentiality and security of healthcare information and help the healthcare industry control
adm
inistrative costs
Under Hipaa you have certain rights as a patient in a medical facility. According to California
Departmen
t of Health Care Service, Hipaa describes how your medical information may be used
and disclosed and how you can get access to this information.
A patient has the right to: .
Get a copy of your health and claim records within 30 days of your request
Ask that any health and claims records be corrected
Request confidential communications
Ask that what is used or shared be limited
Get of list of those with whom information may be shared
Get a copy of the privacy notice
Choose someone to act for you
File a complaint if you feel your rights have been violated
Any complaints should be directed to Department of Health and Human Services Office or visit
3)Emergency vs. out-patient:
Urgent care also known as out-patient care is significantly lower than emergency room care.
Emergency care is designed to treat severe and life-threatening conditions. Most patients will
save time and money by going to an urgent care center for non life-threatening conditions,
where going into an emergency room may cost you hundreds of dollars and several hours of
wait time. Emergency rooms tend to become overcrowded with non life-threatening problems
due to pat
ients that are uninsured and may have a broken bone cold or flu, all that can be
treated as an out-patient if the patient was insured.
Thanks to the Obama Administration, the Affor:dabJe Cafe-Act hastaken some-of the stress off
of most emergency rooms. According to the Henry
J Kaiser Family Foundation, "the majority of
the uninsured are in low-income working families and the high cost of insurance is the reason
why people-go w
ithout coverage". Due to a weak economy and loss of jobs, family incomes
have declined and employer sponso
red coverage has decreased among families. Because of
these two important facts, the uninsured are driven to the emergency room for care that should
be handled i
n a doctor's office or out-patient clinic.
~--------------------------------------~~~~~~-~


5)Transition into adult health care:
If a plan covers children, they can be added to or kept on a parents health insurance policy
until they turn 26
.
Even if:
Married
Not living with their parents
Attending school
Not financially dependent on their parents
E
ligible to enroll in their employer's plan
6)Health Care for the undocumented population
Being undocumented in America with no health insurance could be something really difficult to
deal with. Especially, if you
're a parent raising a family without health insurance, if you're a
student still trying to payoff your classes, o
r if you're simply just a worker living paycheck by
paycheck. So what does the undocumented population do when
they're feeling really sick or
have a serious health problem that needs to be checked out? On a more serious note, wha
t if an
u
ndocumented person is pregnant with no health insurance? The cost of a pregnancy without
health
insurance will be around $14,000-$29,000 just for doctor visit and the delivery procedure.
7)   Undocumented people with the following may qualify for private health insurance:
Valid non-immigrant visas
Process to obtain a visa:
1. Petition
·2. Interview (After documents are submitted and petition is approved)
A tempora
ry resident status or UFE Act
Dream Act (for students who meet certain requirements)
Humanitarian statuses or ci
rcumstances
- Temporary protected status
·   Special juvenile status
·   - Asylum applicants
8)   Profit vs. Healthcare:
America for the most part are in it for the money. Despite the large difference in performance
between America
n and European health care systems, somehow Europe manages to spend only
a fraction of what the US spends. So is the patients care first priority?
CNBC news states that medical bills are the are the biggest cause of bankruptcies
http:Uwww.cnbc.com/id/1 00840148
Affordable care act is not exactly for everyone because it doesn't allow non legal residents to
obtain
http://www.schoolhealthcenters.org/top-1 O-things-you-need-to-know-about-the-
affordable-care-act/?gclid=CPm8Ir2Xp70CFe7m7AodqGUA1Q
washingtonmonthly.com
Michael Moore's documentary- http://www.filmsforaction.orglwatchlsicko/

 

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